Sandbag responds to the EU’s consultation on State aid for Indirect Carbon Costs (ICC), calling for targeted reforms to better support clean electricity, avoid windfall profits, and align with the Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM).
Sandbag’s August 2025 brief calls for systemic default values to close CBAM loopholes—addressing scrap and cement circumvention, electricity imports, and indirect emissions.
Sandbag’s latest brief outlines why the CBAM must include indirect emissions — and how this would improve climate effectiveness, industrial fairness, and fiscal efficiency.
Sandbag’s response to the EU’s Industrial Decarbonisation Accelerator Act sets out four principles to guide green steel labelling schemes, promoting credible standards based on lifecycle emissions and system-wide decarbonisation.
The EU’s 2040 climate targets suggest integrating carbon removals into the ETS — but at what cost? This report uses Sandbag’s simulator to assess whether the risks of premature CDR integration outweigh the benefits.