The ESR Safety Reserve: Too Safe to Succeed

This briefing explores the impact of the proposed ‘Safety Reserve’ on the 2030 Effort Sharing Regulation (ESR) and the the ability of Member States to trade Annual Emissions Allowances (AEAs) under Article 5 with use of various emissions scenarios. In...

Aligning Europe’s Policies for Carbon, Efficiency, and Renewables

Since the earliest days of environmental policy there has been an ongoing and robust debate over the roles of pollution pricing on the one hand, and direct regulatory and governmental programs on the other hand, as tools to reduce pollution levels equitably and...

What is the European Project-based Mechanism?

The proposed European Project-based Mechanism (EPM) is an internal offsetting system within the EU, allowing countries with more difficult to achieve Effort Sharing Regulation (ESR) targets to pay for cheaper emissions cuts in other EU Member States. This enables more...

The missing link in the Effort Sharing Regulation

How the European Project-Based Mechanism is the best answer to the problem of unequal distribution of cost-effective emission reductions opportunities across EU-28 Member States under the current Effort Sharing Regulation 2030 targets.